CRCB » Working Papers

Distribution of the EU Funds in Hungary: Challenges and Anomalies

Tóth István János — Mon, 16 Feb 2026 09:58:20 +0000

February 15, 2026

Boros, J., Hajdu, M., Magyari, P., Vida, M., & Tóth, I. J. (2026). Distribution of the EU Funds in Hungary: Challenges and Anomalies. CRCB. https://www.crcb.eu/?p=4013

Working Papers: 2026:1 (PDF) read more

Corruption Risk of EU-Funded Contracts in the EU 2007-2023

Tóth István János — Tue, 02 Jul 2024 09:31:25 +0000

July 19, 2024

Tóth, I, J. (2024). Corruption Risk of EU-Funded Contracts in the EU 2007-2023. CRCB Working Papers: 2024:1, CRCB.

Working Papers: 2024:1 (PDF)

The analyzed database (ZIP) read more

Haveri cégek az Orbán rendszerben: árbevétel, profit, hozzáadott érték és osztalékfizetés

Tóth István János — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 11:11:05 +0000

December 29, 2021

Össszefoglalás

A tanulmányban 2004 és 2018 között legnagyobb közbeszerzési szerződéseket elnyerő cégek mintáján azt vizsgáljuk, hogy egyes cégtulajdonosoknak a 2010-ben hivatalba lépett magyar miniszterelnökkel és kormánya egyes tagjaival való rokoni vagy baráti kapcsolatai milyen hatással lehettek cégeik árbevételére, hozzáadott értékére, profitjára és a cégtulajdonosoknak az osztalékfizetéssel kapcsolatos döntéseire. read more

Political favoritism in public tenders in Hungary. Analysis of the odds of winning

Tóth István János — Tue, 30 Nov 2021 11:44:09 +0000

November 30, 2021

Tóth, I. J. and Hajdu, M. 2021. Political favoritism in public tenders in Hungary. Analysis of the odds of winning. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2021:1. Budapest: CRCB.

The paper investigates the crony system in Hungary based on data of more than 227,000 public tenders from 2005 to 2020. The paper’s novelty is the analysis of odds of winning of crony and ordinary companies in public procurement that is a new approach to measure the strength of read more

Factors Affecting the Corruption Risk and Intensity of Competition in Public Procurement at the Level of Local Government

Tóth István János — Thu, 11 Mar 2021 09:02:21 +0000

December 21, 2020

Tóth, I. J. and Hajdu, M. 2020. Factors Affecting the Corruption Risk and Intensity of Competition in Public Procurement at the Level of Local Government. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2020:1. Budapest: CRCB.

This paper investigates the level of corruption risk and intensity of competition of public tenders at the municipal level in Hungary. It analyses the relationship of these factors with the level of human capital, economic development, and settlement size. The paper’s novelty is the sub-national level, and that the research is based on microdata (contract level read more

Intensity of Competition, Corruption Risks, and Price Distortion in the Hungarian Public Procurement – 2009-2016

Tóth István János — Mon, 11 Dec 2017 11:59:09 +0000

December 29, 2017

Tóth, I. J. and Hajdu, M. 2017. Intensity of Competition, Corruption Risks, and Price Distortion in the Hungarian Public Procurement – 2009-2016. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2017:2, CRCB, Budapest.

The report was carried out by CRCB for the European Commission and examines data from Hungarian public procurement in the period between 2009 and 2016. The data of 151,457 contracts were used for the analysis. The analysis focuses on information regarding the read more

Versenyerősség, társadalmi veszteségek és a 25 millió forintos értékhatár rejtélye. 2009-2016 közötti magyar közbeszerzések statisztikai vizsgálata

Tóth István János — Thu, 21 Sep 2017 11:12:11 +0000

September 27, 2017

Tóth, I. J. – Hajdu, M. 2017. Versenyerősség, társadalmi veszteségek és a 25 millió forintos értékhatár rejtélye. 2009-2016 közötti magyar közbeszerzések statisztikai vizsgálata / Intensity of Competition, Social Loss and the Enigma of 25 million HUF Threshold. Statistical analysis of Hungarian public procurement in the period of 2009-2016. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2017:1, CRCB, Budapest.

Abstract

In this paper, we present evidence on some unwanted and unexpected effects of the regulation of read more

CRCB-WP/2014:02

Tue, 30 Dec 2014 18:01:10 +0000

Czibik, Á – Fazekas, M – Tóth, B – Tóth I J: Toolkit for detecting collusive bidding in public procurement. With examples from Hungary. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2014:02.

Across the globe, the exposure of collusive behaviour of companies in procurement markets is predominantly based on qualitative information from firms or individuals involved in collusion. This makes detection rare and titled towards disintegrating bidding rings. Economic analysis, modelling and forecasting have a limited role in this field. However, the increasing availability of large read more

CRCB-WP/2014:01

Fri, 28 Nov 2014 14:39:22 +0000

Fazekas, M – Tóth, I J: From corruption to state capture: A new analytical framework with empirical applications from Hungary. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2014:01.
State capture and corruption are widespread phenomena across the globe, but their empirical study is still highly challenging. This paper develops a new conceptual and analytical framework for gauging state capture based on micro-level contractual networks in public procurement. To this end, it first establishes a robust measure of corruption risks in public procurement transactions focusing on relationships between pairs of issuers and suppliers. Second, it searches for read more

CRCB-WP/2013:03

Tóth István János — Mon, 02 Dec 2013 03:39:36 +0000

Fazekas, M. – Chvalkovska, J. – Skuhrovec, J. – Tóth, I. J. – King L. P.: Are EU funds a corruption risk? The impact of EU funds on grand corruption in Central and Eastern Europe. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2013:03.

The paper explores the impact of EU funds on institutionalised grand corruption in public procurement between 2009-2012 in three countries: Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia. We analyse a unique pooled database containing contract-level public procurement information for all three countries. We develop a composite corruption risks indicator based on the incidence and logical structure of ‘red flags’ in read more