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	<title>CRCB &#187; Research Notes</title>
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	<description>for Goverment Transparency</description>
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		<title>EU Taxpayers’ Contribution to Building the Orbán Kleptocracy</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3704</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3704#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2025 12:44:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU funds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kleptocracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political corruption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political cycles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public procurement]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3704</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; July 1, 2025 &#160; Tóth, I. J. (2025). EU Taxpayers’ Contribution to Building the Orbán Kleptocracy. CRCB Research Notes, 2025:2, CRCB. &#160; Research Notes: 2025:2 (PDF - revised version[26.03.2026]) read more]]></description>
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<p>July 1, 2025</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Tóth, I. J. (2025). EU Taxpayers’ Contribution to Building the Orbán Kleptocracy. CRCB Research Notes, 2025:2, CRCB.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Research Notes: 2025:2 (<a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/2025_research_notes_02_010725_04.pdf">PDF</a> - revised version[26.03.2026]) <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3704'>read more</a></p>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Statisztikai adatok, anomáliák, csalásfelderítés</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3669</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3669#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 May 2025 12:50:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fraud detection]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungarian Central Statistical Office]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Newcomb-Benford's Law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public procurement]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3669</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; 2025. június 11. &#160; Tóth, I. J. (2025). Statisztikai adatok, anomáliák, csalásfelderítés. Néhány gondolat Tátrai Annamária és Gábos András “Kutatói aggodalmak az EU-SILC magyarországi jövedelemadataival kapcsolatban” című tanulmányához. CRCB Research Notes, 2025:1, CRCB. Research Notes: 2025:1 (PDF) A Newcomb-Benford törvénnyel kapcsolatok publikációk listája 2025 május 20-ig, https://www.benfordonline.net/ adatai alapján read more]]></description>
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<p>2025. június 11.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Tóth, I. J. (2025). <i>Statisztikai adatok, anomáliák, csalásfelderítés.</i> <i>Néhány gondolat Tátrai Annamária és Gábos András “Kutatói aggodalmak az EU-SILC magyarországi jövedelemadataival kapcsolatban” című tanulmányához.</i> CRCB Research Notes, 2025:1, CRCB.</p>
<p>Research Notes: 2025:1 (<a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/2025_research_notes_01_110625_02.pdf">PDF</a>)</p>
<p>A Newcomb-Benford törvénnyel kapcsolatok publikációk listája 2025 május 20-ig,<br />
https://www.benfordonline.net/ adatai alapján <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3669'>read more</a></p>
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		<title>The Corruption Risk in the Local Government of Cities with County Rights and that of Budapest from 1999 to 2023</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3562</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3562#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 May 2024 11:52:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption risk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[local government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[municipal elections]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political cycles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[trends]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3562</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[May 23, 2024 &#160; &#160; The research was supported by the German Marshall Fund of the United States. CRCB Statistical Flash Report 2024:1 Data Analyzed read more]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!-- Generated by Easy Custom Auto Excerpt -->May 23, 2024</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The research was supported by <a href="https://www.gmfus.org/">the German Marshall Fund of the United States.</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/2024_crcb_statistical_flash_report_01_230524_01.pdf">CRCB Statistical Flash Report 2024:1</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/2024_crcb_statistical_flash_report_01_data_metadata_230524.zip">Data Analyzed</a> <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3562'>read more</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Szabad piac vagy korrupt rendszer? A Századvég csoport a magyar közbeszerzési piacon 2011-2023</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3547</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3547#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 11 Apr 2024 08:40:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption risk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[empirical analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[odds of winning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Századvég]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3547</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; 2024. Árpilis 23 &#160; Tóth István János. 2024. Szabadpiac vagy korrupt rendszer? A Századvég csoport a magyar közbeszerzési piacon. CRCB Research Notes: 2024:2, CRCB. Research Notes: 2024:2 (PDF) Elemzett adatbázisok (ZIP) Táblázatok read more]]></description>
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<p>2024. Árpilis 23</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Tóth István János. 2024. Szabadpiac vagy korrupt rendszer? A Századvég csoport a magyar közbeszerzési piacon<i>.</i> CRCB Research Notes: 2024:2, CRCB.</p>
<p>Research Notes: 2024:2 (<a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/2024_research_notes_hu_02_210424_03.pdf">PDF</a>)</p>
<p>Elemzett adatbázisok (<a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/2024_marh_databases_210424.zip">ZIP</a>)</p>
<p>Táblázatok <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3547'>read more</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Two Communication Companies in the Hungarian Public Procurement Market 2012-2023</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3530</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3530#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 19 Feb 2024 13:39:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption risk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cronyism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political favoritism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public procurement]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3530</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; February 19, 2024 &#160; Research Notes: 2024:1 (PDF) The analyzed database (CSV) &#160; Suggested citation: Tóth, I. J. read more]]></description>
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<p>February 19, 2024</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Research Notes: 2024:1 (<a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/2024_research_notes_01_190224_04.pdf">PDF</a>)</p>
<p>The analyzed database (<a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/2024_research_notes_01_190224_01.zip">CSV</a>)</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Suggested citation:</p>
<p>Tóth, I. J. <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3530'>read more</a></p>
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		<title>Testing Corruption Indicators. Statistical Analysis of a Hungarian Cartel</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3483</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3483#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Nov 2023 12:48:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cartel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption risk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption risk indicators]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungary]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3483</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; December 7, 2023 &#160; István János Tóth,  Miklós Hajdu and Márton Vida: Testing Corruption Indicators. Statistical Analysis of a Hungarian Cartel. Budapest: KRTK-KTI WP – 2023/33. (pdf) Dataset (csv) read more]]></description>
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<p>December 7, 2023</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>István János Tóth,  Miklós Hajdu and Márton Vida: Testing Corruption Indicators. Statistical Analysis of a Hungarian Cartel.<br />
Budapest: KRTK-KTI WP – 2023/33. (<a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/KRTKKTIWP202333.pdf">pdf</a>)</p>
<p>Dataset (<a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/2023_hospital_disclosed_data_231113.zip">csv</a>) <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3483'>read more</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>The New Trends of Corruption Risk in Hungarian Public Procurement from January 1998 to July 2023</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3450</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3450#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 Oct 2023 10:53:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reports]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption risk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cronyism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intensity of competition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[odds of winning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public procurement]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[&#160; October 17, 2023 In 2023, the risk of corruption increased for public contracts awarded to crony companies, while it decreased for those awarded to ordinary Hungarian companies with no political ties. This suggests that, following the EU’s measures to restore the rule of law in Hungary, the advantage of crony companies in the Hungarian [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>October 17, 2023</p>
<p>In 2023, the risk of corruption increased for public contracts awarded to crony companies, while it decreased for those awarded to ordinary Hungarian companies with no political ties. This suggests that, following the EU’s measures to restore the rule of law in Hungary, the advantage of crony companies in the Hungarian public procurement market actually increased. They have won public contracts with a higher risk of corruption than before the measures were taken.</p>
<p>The corruption risk of tenders won by <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3450'>read more</a></p>
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		<title>The Role of Ukrainian and Russian Sources in the First Articles on the Makiivka Missile Attack</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3421</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3421#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Mar 2023 13:05:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[content analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russian aggression]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russian propaganda]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3421</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; March 13, 2023 &#160; Tóth, I. J. and Hámori, Á. 2023. The Role of Ukrainian and Russian Sources in the First Articles on the Makiivka Missile Attack: A content analysis of articles from six leading news portals (BBC, CNN, The Guardian, The New York Times, Reuters, and The Washington Post). CRCB Research Notes: 2023:2. [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>March 13, 2023</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Tóth, I. J. and Hámori, Á. 2023. The Role of Ukrainian and Russian Sources in the First Articles on the Makiivka Missile Attack: A content analysis of articles from six leading news portals (BBC, CNN, The Guardian, The New York Times, Reuters, and The Washington Post). CRCB Research Notes: 2023:2. Budapest: <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3421'>read more</a></p>
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		<title>White Elephants in Hungary. Lessons of some EU funded projects – Case studies</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3338</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3338#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 29 Jan 2023 16:46:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Short Papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[case study]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU funds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[white elephant]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3338</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; January 29, 2023 &#160; Research Notes 2023:1 &#160; Vida, M., Matuz, A., &#38; Tóth, I. J. (2023). White Elephants in Hungary. Lessons of some EU-funded projects &#8211; Case studies.  read more]]></description>
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<p>January 29, 2023</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.crcb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/2023_research_notes_01_230129_01.pdf">Research Notes 2023:1</a></p>
<p>&nbsp;<br />
Vida, M., Matuz, A., &amp; Tóth, I. J. (2023). White Elephants in Hungary. Lessons of some EU-funded projects &#8211; Case studies.  <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3338'>read more</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Azok a csodálatos &#8220;Mészáros&#8221; cégek</title>
		<link>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3183</link>
		<comments>http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3183#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Sep 2022 11:33:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tóth István János]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research Notes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cronyism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hungary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public procurement]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3183</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; Néhány ábra Mészáros Lőrinc és társai &#8220;tulajdonában lévő&#8221; cégek szerepéről és jellegzetességeiről a magyar közbeszerzési piacon 2022. szeptember 14. Mészáros és társai &#8220;tulajdonában lévő&#8221; cégek részesedésének alakulása a magyar közbeszerzési tortából 2005-2021, N = 276.452, százalék A Mészáros és társai által egyedül, vagy konzorciumban nyert szerződések értéke az adott kategóriához tartozó összes szerződés értékének százalékában [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>Néhány ábra Mészáros Lőrinc és társai &#8220;tulajdonában lévő&#8221; cégek szerepéről és jellegzetességeiről a magyar közbeszerzési piacon</p>
<p>2022. szeptember 14.</p>
<p>Mészáros és társai &#8220;tulajdonában lévő&#8221; cégek részesedésének alakulása a magyar közbeszerzési tortából 2005-2021, N = 276.452, százalék<br />
A Mészáros és társai által egyedül, vagy konzorciumban nyert szerződések értéke az adott kategóriához tartozó összes szerződés értékének százalékában<br />
Mészáros és <a class='ecae-link' href='http://www.crcb.eu/?p=3183'>read more</a></p>
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